Individual Written Theory (Essay)

Introduction

Assignment

Electrical Engineering

Communications

INTRODUCTION

In this COVID 19 Pandemic situation, the only method to remain safe is Protection. Protection from the virus is possible by following proper hygienic rules and maintaining a social distance. Australian Business Institute of Technology and Systems aims to turn their entire campus wireless, so that the Institute can provide education by maintaining social distancing rules, which have become the necessity of hour in this Pandemic situation. Many wireless technologies are available, As a Wireless Network Engineer, working at Melbourne Institute of Networks in Australia, I would suggest two wireless technologies Wifi and Bluetooth that could be used by Australian Business Institute of Technology and Systems in their campus.

Rationale to select particular technologies

Wifi

Wifi Technology can be selected by Australian business Institute of Technology and systems due to the following main 7 reasons:[1]

• Use of Wifi at higher educational institutes will help the students to share and exchange information with each other in real time world.
• By using wifi, students will be able to learn even beyond the classroom walls.
• Through use of Wifi teachers will be able to prepare their lectures according to the learning styles of students.
• Use of Wifi will help the students to take the advantage of Online Database syatem, through which they would be possible to keep the track of their submissions.
• Wifi technology could be used at a cheaper rate compared to other wireless technologies.
• Use of Wifi will make the learning interactive and entertaining as students will be able to get exposed to new technologies.
• Use of Wifi will promote more and more engagement of students, as they will be curious to get attracted towards technology.

Bluetooth

Bluetooth Technology can be selected by the Australian Business Institute of Technology and systems due to the following reasons:[1]

• Use of Bluetooth Technology will provide more flexibility in education System.
• Students will be kept engaged, as they will be curious to use the technology.
• Exchanging of information becomes easier and smooth.
• Teachers will be able to connect their two devices simultaneously through Bluetooth device from any corner of the room thus focusing on interactive education.
• Use of Bluetooth Speaker in classroom will ensure the clear audible voice of teacher.
• The Bluetooth technology is even cheaper than wifi technology and hence it is cost effective.

Successful Business Case Examples that use the above technologies in Australia

The top 3 Australian companies which are successfully using the above technologies are:

1. DCSL Software Ltd: This is Australia’s top leading software development company which is using the above technologies successfully.
2. Software Relevant: Software Relevant is Australia’s top vendor company which is providing its service since 2013 and is successfully using these technologies.
3. Akras Software : Akras software is an ISO certified web development company in Australia with lakhs of Satisfied customer. This company is successfully using the above two wireless technologies since 2010.

Hence, Bluetooth and Wifi wireless technologies can be successfully used by the client.

TECHNOLOGIES AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Working Mechanism of Bluetooth:[2]

Bluetooth makes use of FHSS ( Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum)[2]. The frequency range for operation of Bluetooth is 2.4 Ghz in the ISM band between 2.4Ghz- 2.48Ghz. It makes use of 79 channels. The random hopping of data channel takes place 16000 times/ sec between the 79 channels, dividing the time slots into 625 us long. Bluetooth makes use of data transfer techniques between the devices for sharing purposes. Bluetooth makes use of two types of data transfer techniques v.i.z SCO and ACL.

Two concepts i.e Bluetooth Protocol and Bluetooth Profile is used by Bluetooth for working. The range of operation for Bluetooth is approximately 1000 meters, which is short, hence it is used for short range communication purposes.

Working Mechanism of Wif :[2]

Wifi makes use of DHSS (Direct Hopping Spread Spectrum)[2].The frequency range of Wifi 2.4 Ghz or 5.2 Ghz. It makes use of 802.11 IEEE standard for communication purposes. Through DHSS technique , the division of 83mhz frequency takes place into 11 channels where each channel is of 22mhz wide.

In case of Wifi frequency hopping of channels do not take place. The range of wifi is more than Bluetooth. Like Bluetooth Wifi also makes use of two types of data transfer techniques v.i.z SCO(Synchronous Connection Oriented) and ACL( Asynchronous Connectionless)

Note: Both the Wifi and Bluetooth can be used at the same time, but since they use the same spectrum, interference is possible, which could degrade the data. So, Bluetooth can be used as an alternate for wifi when internet is not available.

Comparative Analysis[3]

	Bluetooth	Wifi
Frequency band	2.4 ghz	2.4ghz, 5mhz
Range of Communication	0- 100m	100m
Hopping Technique	FHSS	DHSS
Cell Structure	Piconet	BSS
Highest no of nodes	8	2007
Governing Authority	Bluetooth SIG	Wifi- alliance
Speed of Data rate	3mbits/sec	54mbits/sec

BUSINESS BENEFITS AND SECURITY CONCERNS

Business Benefits of using Wifi [4]

• Customers are happy and satisfied with the wifi access
• Employees associated with the business that makes use of wifi are satisfied and their performance is enhanced.
• Business which make use of Wifi are highly collaborative and productive which yields high profits.
• Business which makes use of wifi provides flexibility at work.
• Home based business are more benefitted by using wifi as starting of Enterprenership is possible by sitting at the comfort of your home.

Business Benefits of using Bluetooth[4]

• Bluetooth is wireless technology and hence business which makes use of Bluetooth does not have to deal with wiring mess.
• Bluetooth Technology is inexpensive and hence business making use of Bluetooth are able to make profits easily.
• Business making use of Bluetooth does not have to depend upon internet for sharing information.
• The best business benefits that the Bluetooth provides are mobility and low power consumption.

Security Concerns:

The main security concern of using Wifi and Bluetooth is unauthorised access of data due to which the CIA model i.e confidentiality, Integrity and Authenticity of an organisation gets hampered. If the passward is known to the intruder, then the confidential data can be hacked easily.

Security Concern for Bluetooth: The top Bluetooth attacks that prove a threat to security are:

• Eavesdropping: Devices which makes use of older version protocol are prone to a well known security attack called unpatched security holes.
• DOS Attack : DOS (Denial of Service) attack is a famous attack through which the device can gets crashed.
• Software Vulnerabilities: There is no software available, which is 100% perfect, so definitely the software used in Bluetooth will be prone to vulnerabilities.

Solutions: One of the best solution to deal with security issues related with Bluetooth is to switch off the Bluetooth when not in use.

Security Concern for Wifi: The only security cocern of using wifi is unauthorised access of data, through which the confidential data gets hacked.

Solutions: The best three ways to deal with security issues related with wifi are:

• Setting up Strong Password: A strong password consists of combination of numbers, letters and special characters, so password should be strong, which is difficult for the attacker to guess.
• Use of WAP: Wifi Access Points along with AES algorithm offer excellent protection against unauthorised access, as it blocks the unknown users.
• Static Allocation of IP address: The IP addresses of devices belonging to organisation should be allocated statically, due to which only the devices of organisation will be allowed to access the wifi and others will get blocked.

FINAL RECOMMENDATION TO BUSINESS

Final recommendation to business [5] means writing a recommendation letter to client regarding the use of product or service.

Letter

29/8/2020

Re: Australian Business Institute of Technology and Systems,

Letter of Recommendation

To Whom it may concern

Australian Business Institutes of Technology and System had contacted Melbourne Institute of Networks for free consultation on various wireless available technologies. As a Wireless network engineer working with Melbourne Institute of Networks, I would highly recommend to use Bluetooth and wifi as a wireless technology in your firm.

The above two technologies are cheap, inexpensive and can be easily implemented. I feel priveliged to announce that the services offered by our company are great and the above two wireless technology will prove fruitful in expanding your educational business by fulfilling the main goal of social distancing in today’s COVID 19 pandemic situation. The Wifi technology will also be helpful in remote access where the students will be able to attend virtual lectures by sitting at the comfort of their home. Bluetooth is excellent and could be used when the internet is unavailable.

In case of any query, you are free to contact me on my email ID.

Yours Sincerely,

(Your Name),

Wireless Network Engineer,

Melbourne Institute of Networks,

Australia.

Conclusion

The above assignment was analytical type, where the case study related to COVID 19 pandemic situation was given and was asked to select atleast 2 wireless technologies, focussing on their effects, benefits and security concerns. At last it was asked to write recommendation of business. All the steps are followed.

References

[1] W.Stallings,” “Cryptography and Network Security” 7^th Edition ISBN-13: 978-0134444284.

[2] N.Chabra” Comparative Analysis of Different Wireless Technologies”, Int. J. Sci. Res. in Network Security and Communication, Volume-1, Issue-5,ISSN: 2321-3256, Dec2013.

[3] J.Lee, Y.Su, & C.Shen “A Comparative Study of Wireles Protocols:Bluetooth, UWB, ZigBee, and Wi- FiInformation & Communications” Research Labs Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) Hsinchu, Taiwan.

[4] https://cbcommunity.comcast.com/community/browse-all/details/the-business-benefits-ofwifi

[5] S. Barker&R .Cole,” Brilliant Project Management (Revised Edition): what the best project managers know, do and say (Brilliant Business)”, Paperback Import, 22^nd January, 2019.

.

Assignment

Electrical Engineering

Communications

INTRODUCTION

In this COVID 19 Pandemic situation, the only method to remain safe is Protection. Protection from the virus is possible by following proper hygienic rules and maintaining a social distance. Australian Business Institute of Technology and Systems aims to turn their entire campus wireless, so that the Institute can provide education by maintaining social distancing rules, which have become the necessity of hour in this Pandemic situation. Many wireless technologies are available, As a Wireless Network Engineer, working at Melbourne Institute of Networks in Australia, I would suggest two wireless technologies Wifi and Bluetooth that could be used by Australian Business Institute of Technology and Systems in their campus.

Rationale to select particular technologies(Stallings W)

Wifi

Wifi Technology can be selected by Australian business Institute of Technology and systems due to the following main 7 reasons:

• Use of Wifi at higher educational institutes will help the students to share and exchange information with each other in real time world.
• By using wifi, students will be able to learn even beyond the classroom walls.
• Through use of Wifi teachers will be able to prepare their lectures according to the learning styles of students.
• Use of Wifi will help the students to take the advantage of Online Database syatem, through which they would be possible to keep the track of their submissions.
• Wifi technology could be used at a cheaper rate compared to other wireless technologies.
• Use of Wifi will make the learning interactive and entertaining as students will be able to get exposed to new technologies.
• Use of Wifi will promote more and more engagement of students, as they will be curious to get attracted towards technology.

Bluetooth

Bluetooth Technology can be selected by the Australian Business Institute of Technology and systems due to the following reasons:

• Use of Bluetooth Technology will provide more flexibility in education System.
• Students will be kept engaged, as they will be curious to use the technology.
• Exchanging of information becomes easier and smooth.
• Teachers will be able to connect their two devices simultaneously through Bluetooth device from any corner of the room thus focusing on interactive education.
• Use of Bluetooth Speaker in classroom will ensure the clear audible voice of teacher.
• The Bluetooth technology is even cheaper than wifi technology and hence it is cost effective.

Successful Business Case Examples that use the above technologies in Australia

The top 3 Australian companies which are successfully using the above technologies are:

1. DCSL Software Ltd: This is Australia’s top leading software development company which is using the above technologies successfully.
2. Software Relevant: Software Relevant is Australia’s top vendor company which is providing its service since 2013 and is successfully using these technologies.
3. Akras Software : Akras software is an ISO certified web development company in Australia with lakhs of Satisfied customer. This company is successfully using the above two wireless technologies since 2010.

Hence, Bluetooth and Wifi wireless technologies can be successfully used by the client.

TECHNOLOGIES AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Working Mechanism of Bluetooth: (Chabra.N(Dec2013)

Bluetooth makes use of FHSS ( Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum). The frequency range for operation of Bluetooth is 2.4 Ghz in the ISM band between 2.4Ghz- 2.48Ghz. It makes use of 79 channels. The random hopping of data channel takes place 16000 times/ sec between the 79 channels, dividing the time slots into 625 us long. Bluetooth makes use of data transfer techniques between the devices for sharing purposes. Bluetooth makes use of two types of data transfer techniques v.i.z SCO and ACL.

Two concepts i.e Bluetooth Protocol and Bluetooth Profile is used by Bluetooth for working. The range of operation for Bluetooth is approximately 1000 meters, which is short, hence it is used for short range communication purposes.

Working Mechanism of Wifi: (Chabra.N(Dec2013)

Wifi makes use of DHSS (Direct Hopping Spread Spectrum).The frequency range of Wifi 2.4 Ghz or 5.2 Ghz. It makes use of 802.11 IEEE standard for communication purposes. Through DHSS technique , the division of 83mhz frequency takes place into 11 channels where each channel is of 22mhz wide.

In case of Wifi frequency hopping of channels do not take place. The range of wifi is more than Bluetooth. Like Bluetooth Wifi also makes use of two types of data transfer techniques v.i.z SCO(Synchronous Connection Oriented) and ACL( Asynchronous Connectionless)

Note: Both the Wifi and Bluetooth can be used at the same time, but since they use the same spectrum, interference is possible, which could degrade the data. So, Bluetooth can be used as an alternate for wifi when internet is not available.

Comparative Analysis( Lee.J, Su.Y, & Shen.C)

	Bluetooth	Wifi
Frequency band	2.4 ghz	2.4ghz, 5mhz
Range of Communication	0- 100m	100m
Hopping Technique	FHSS	DHSS
Cell Structure	Piconet	BSS
Highest no of nodes	8	2007
Governing Authority	Bluetooth SIG	Wifi- alliance
Speed of Data rate	3mbits/sec	54mbits/sec

 

BUSINESS BENEFITS AND SECURITY CONCERNS

Business Benefits of using Wifi(cbcommunity.comcast.com)

• Customers are happy and satisfied with the wifi access
• Employees associated with the business that makes use of wifi are satisfied and their performance is enhanced.
• Business which make use of Wifi are highly collaborative and productive which yields high profits.
• Business which makes use of wifi provides flexibility at work.
• Home based business are more benefitted by using wifi as starting of Enterprenership is possible by sitting at the comfort of your home.

Business Benefits of using Bluetooth(cbcommunity.comcast.com)

• Bluetooth is wireless technology and hence business which makes use of Bluetooth does not have to deal with wiring mess.
• Bluetooth Technology is inexpensive and hence business making use of Bluetooth are able to make profits easily.
• Business making use of Bluetooth does not have to depend upon internet for sharing information.
• The best business benefits that the Bluetooth provides are mobility and low power consumption.

Security Concerns:

The main security concern of using Wifi and Bluetooth is unauthorised access of data due to which the CIA model i.e confidentiality, Integrity and Authenticity of an organisation gets hampered. If the passward is known to the intruder, then the confidential data can be hacked easily.

Security Concern for Bluetooth: The top Bluetooth attacks that prove a threat to security are:

• Eavesdropping: Devices which makes use of older version protocol are prone to a well known security attack called unpatched security holes.
• DOS Attack : DOS (Denial of Service) attack is a famous attack through which the device can gets crashed.
• Software Vulnerabilities: There is no software available, which is 100% perfect, so definitely the software used in Bluetooth will be prone to vulnerabilities.

Solutions: One of the best solution to deal with security issues related with Bluetooth is to switch off the Bluetooth when not in use.

Security Concern for Wifi: The only security cocern of using wifi is unauthorised access of data, through which the confidential data gets hacked.

Solutions: The best three ways to deal with security issues related with wifi are:

• Setting up Strong Password: A strong password consists of combination of numbers, letters and special characters, so password should be strong, which is difficult for the attacker to guess.
• Use of WAP: Wifi Access Points along with AES algorithm offer excellent protection against unauthorised access, as it blocks the unknown users.
• Static Allocation of IP address: The IP addresses of devices belonging to organisation should be allocated statically, due to which only the devices of organisation will be allowed to access the wifi and others will get blocked.

RECOMMENDATION OF BUSINESS

Final recommendation to business( Barker.S & Cole.R,(Jan 2019) means writing a recommendation letter to client regarding the use of product or service.

Letter

29/8/2020

Re: Australian Business Institute of Technology and Systems,

Letter of Recommendation

To Whom it may concern

Australian Business Institutes of Technology and System had contacted Melbourne Institute of Networks for free consultation on various wireless available technologies. As a Wireless network engineer working with Melbourne Institute of Networks, I would highly recommend to use Bluetooth and wifi as a wireless technology in your firm.

The above two technologies are cheap, inexpensive and can be easily implemented. I feel priveliged to announce that the services offered by our company are great and the above two wireless technology will prove fruitful in expanding your educational business by fulfilling the main goal of social distancing in today’s COVID 19 pandemic situation. The Wifi technology will also be helpful in remote access where the students will be able to attend virtual lectures by sitting at the comfort of their home. Bluetooth is excellent and could be used when the internet is unavailable.

In case of any query, you are free to contact me on my email ID.

Yours Sincerely,

(Your Name),

Wireless Network Engineer,

Melbourne Institute of Networks,

Australia.

Conclusion

The above assignment was analytical type, where the case study related to COVID 19 pandemic situation was given and was asked to select atleast 2 wireless technologies, focussing on their effects, benefits and security concerns. At last it was asked to write recommendation of business. All the steps are followed.

References

Stallings.W, Cryptography and Network Security” 7^th Edition ISBN-13: 978-0134444284.

Chabra.N “Comparative Analysis of Different Wireless Technologies”, Int. J. Sci. Res. in Network Security and Communication, Volume-1, Issue-5,ISSN: 2321-3256, Dec2013.

Lee.J, Su.Y, & Shen.C “A Comparative Study of Wireles Protocols:Bluetooth, UWB, ZigBee, and Wi- FiInformation & Communications” Research Labs Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) Hsinchu, Taiwan.

https://cbcommunity.comcast.com/community/browse-all/details/the-business-benefits-ofwifi

Barker.S & Cole.R, “ Brilliant Project Management (Revised Edition): what the best project managers know, do and say (Brilliant Business)”, Paperback Import, 22^nd January, 2019.

TTs250820_1019635_1

Communication and Technology

Importance of Communication Skills at the Workplace

Student Name

Institutional Affiliation

Date

Introduction

Today, every organization will need to overcome workplace issues and on the other hand will need to train the employees on the aspects of open communication. The first objective of the top-level management will be to communicate on the tasks that the employees need to perform amid the given work environment (Lai, Shankar, & Khalema, 2017). It will thus allow them to get an idea about the strategic roadmap that they need to follow amid the given environment.

Furthermore, the organization will also need to make sure that the employees are able to communicate with each other effectively. It will thereby allow them to not only remain clear about their target goals but will even overcome any misunderstandings that might occur otherwise at the workplace. The role of the concerned Human Resources (HR) department will be vital as they will need to train the employees on the skill-set pertaining to effective communication (Otsu, 2017). It will thereby allow the staff to complete the allocated tasks on time and thus ensure achieving higher efficiency amid the given environment.

The given report will be discussing on the need for effective communication at the workplace as that will allow all the employees to work in a coordination manner with each other. It will even resolve on the major challenges that might be arising amid the given work environment.

Need for Effective Communication

Today, with rising challenges in the external environment, it can be observed that the role of the HR team has become important as they will need to train the employees on new skill-set (Otsu, 2017). Also, they will need to make sure that they are able to perform well from the communication perspective.

Every staff member in the organization will need to become a good listener as that will allow them to get more idea about the objectives of the organization. They will even be able to determine the needs and expectations of other concerned stakeholders of the organization.

Second, the employees will need to learn the aspects related to non-verbal communication such as hand gestures, eye contact, and even tone of voice. This will matter a lot when they are dealing either with the customers or with other employees of the organization. It will allow them to demonstrate the principles of integrity, respect, and accountability amid the given work environment (Pia Patricia et al., 2018).

On the contrary, the top-level management officials will need to demonstrate more clarity in their communication. They will need to inform the staff about the future objective and even provide them with a roadmap that they will be following on a daily work basis. Also, there is a need to remain more clear as that will avoid confusion and misunderstandings at the workplace (Pia Patricia et al., 2018).

Finally, the employees will need to demonstrate friendlier conversation when they are not at the workplace. This will allow them to remain engaged with other staff members and even share on other issues that they might be facing at the workplace.

Enhancing Workplace Efficiency

Researchers have identified that through effective communication, employees will be able to enhance their workplace efficiency. It is observed that employees need to focus on the aspect of open communication and remain diplomatic while providing responses to any of the queries asked (Priya, Mekala, & Shabitha, 2017).

Also, the HR team will need to provide an opportunity to allow these ground-level staff members to share on the reviews about the workplace environment (Priya, Mekala, & Shabitha, 2017). So, even while communicating, the staff will need to remain straightforward and should avoid any such aspect that can possibly disturb the entire decorum.

Furthermore, they will need to remain polite in their conversation and seek for solutions to the problems that they might be facing in a given environment. The employees also need to collect feedback about their performance from the communication perspective from time to time (Priya, Mekala, & Shabitha, 2017). This will thus allow them to strengthen on their communication skills and subsequently will help the employees perform better from the efficiency perspective.

Future Recommendations to the Human Resources (HR) Department

Considering the advent of new technologies in the organization, it will be most important for the HR team to train the employees on them as well as on the new communication and leadership aspects. This will then allow the staff to operate in a flexible manner and also will make sure that they are able to complete the allocated tasks successfully.

As identified in the report, communication will be one of the important aspect that will be assisting the organization in achieving higher efficiency levels among the staff. But the concerned HR team will need to remain clear about the type of communication channels that they will be providing to the employees and also about the approaches that they will permit to the staff to share on their issues (Priya, Mekala, & Shabitha, 2017).

This will avoid further conflicts at the workplace and will even install confidence and trust among the staff. The HR team is recommended to look out for the ways through which these staff members will always remain engaged and committed to the organization (Sultan & Yalcinkaya, 2018). It will even result into increased employee retention levels for the organization.

Conclusion

The given report discusses on the aspects pertaining to effective communication at the workplace and highlights how through better communication skills, the working efficiency of the staff will increase. Second, it even reflects on the ways through which these communication skills of the employees can be improved amid the given work environment (Wesley, Vanessa, & Lee, 2017). Third, the employees will need to put in their efforts, attend the training sessions organized by the HR team, and resolve on the queries that they might be having regarding communication.

The HR team on the other hand will need to evaluate on the performance of the staff at regular intervals and accordingly provide them with appropriate feedbacks. It will thus allow the given employees to perform better and subsequently achieve upon the intended objectives of the organization.

References

Lai, D. W., L., Shankar, J., & Khalema, E. (2017). Unspoken skills and tactics: Essentials for immigrant professionals in integration to workplace culture. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 18(3), 937-959.

Otsu, A. (2017). The gap between educational policies and actual workplace communication in ELF: A Japanese case. European Journal of Language Policy, 9(1), 105-118.

Pia Patricia, P. T., Alcantara, A. A. S., Anna Carmela, L. D., Lim, C. R., Tonee Rose, M. P., & Breazhalin Marie, S. R. (2018). Oral communication in accounting practice: Perspectives from the Philippines. I-Manager’s Journal on English Language Teaching, 8(2), 1-13.

Priya, C. S., Mekala, S., & Shabitha, M. P. (2017). The need for oral communication in large and medium enterprises of the manufacturing sector of India. IUP Journal of Soft Skills, 11(2), 25-34.

Sultan, M. T., & Yalcinkaya, M. (2018). The effect of communication skills training program on teachers’ communication skills, emotional intelligence and loneliness levels. Revista De Cercetare Si Interventie Sociala, 62, 151-172.

Wesley, S. C., Vanessa, P. J., & Lee, M. (2017). The perceived importance of core soft skills between retailing and tourism management students, faculty and businesses. Employee Relations, 39(1), 79-99.