Introduction

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Description of Hypothetical Design for Quantitative Research

Introduction

Research design is basically a framework used in research to describe the total format of a research. A research design helps in analysing the format or outline of the research and helps in clearing out the idea or concept of the research procedure with the help of a diagram or flow chart. There are different types of research designs. Among those, the two most important types are descriptive research design and exploratory research design. A hypothetical research design contains various things that enable research to be neutral, authentic, generalized, reliable and validated. Here in this current assignment, a hypothetical quantitative research design will be described.

Discussion

There are four main types of quantitative research designs. Those are Descriptive Research Design, Correlational Research Design, Experimental Research Design and Causal Comparative or quasi Experimental Research Design. Research design is providing the guidance of the researcher regarding the application of structure or framework of perform any investigation/research. On the basis of research topic and subject area the researcher or scholar generally choose best and suitable research design for perform study.

Descriptive Research Design– Descriptive research design is a quantitative research design that helps in gaining information to describe a phenomenon, situation or event in a systematic manner as accurate as possible (Atmowardoyo, 2018). It also helps in answering what, when, where and how about the research problem. In this research, proper description of the research issues through performs the literature review and describes the finding of data that is collected from questionnaire and interview methods to create understanding or investigate the problem

Correlational Research Design– This particular research design helps in describing the relationship between the independent variables and dependent variables that are present in the research without manipulating any of them. This research design helps in presuming a lot and is not that data sensitive as well (Krause, 2018).

Experimental Research Design– This research design helps the researcher to be able to describe and prove the hypotheses by experimenting with the variables. Experimental research design helps in understanding the research in a more detailed way (Korsnes, Berker & Woods, 2018). It involves manipulating the independent variables and also it uses more than one or two variables. It usually gets conducted in a laboratory and the sample gets selected for experimentation randomly. This research design is used to investigate new theory or concept and current issues that required fresh and information to explore. This research design needs to develop conceptual framework and understanding on the research topic or problem through conducts literature review. It is used to investigate new theory and current problem due to lack of clarity on the subject re and research topic

Quasi-Experimental Research Design– This is similar to the experimental research design. The only difference these two have is that experimental research design assigns the participants randomly and gets conducted in a laboratory. While the quasi-experimental research design does not assign the participants randomly and is mostly conducted in a natural environment. Also, this research design helps in comparing two groups in a natural environment (Cera et al., 2020).

Here is a step by step formation of formulating a hypothetical research design for quantitative research by following a descriptive research design.

Step 1: Outlining Research Problem

Before making any design the researcher must know the research problem or at least know about the variables through which they will conduct the research. Along with that, the researcher must know about the concept of independent and dependent variables as well. Also, in this step, the researcher must formulate the research problem in one statement and along with that, he must know about the things the researcher needs to do in order to solve the research problem. Not only this the researcher must know about the data collection method as well and the researchers must be aware of where or from whom he will gather the data for the research.

Step 2: Outlining the Objectives and Hypotheses

The research problem must have some objectives and those objectives need to be fulfilled while solving the research problem itself. Along with that, the researchers must formulate the hypotheses as well. A hypothesis is basically a researcher’s prediction about the anticipated relationship of the variables through which the research is being conducted (Anupama, 2018). There are two types of hypotheses. Null and alternative. The researcher must be aware of which hypothesis he will accept and which one needs to be rejected in order to validate the research.

Step 3: Identifying Tools and Techniques to Collect Data

In this step, the researcher must be aware of the tools and techniques through which they will collect the data. Along with that, the questionnaire, surveys, interview questions needs to be developed by considering high reliability and validity. Also, in this step the researcher must know about the statistical techniques that will be used in the research and after collecting data statistical analysis should be done based on the previous techniques as well.

Step 4: Defining Target Population and Sample

In this step, the sample will be identified based on the research criteria. But before the identification of samples, the population needs to be identified. From the population, there are various methods of sampling like random data sampling, systematic sampling and many more that can be followed in order to develop the samples from the population. It will help in generalizing the samples and also it will help in validating the result as well.

Step 5: Selecting Method for Data Collection

In this step, the researchers must select a data collection method. There are many types of data collection methods. For example survey method, the interview method and many more. Any of the one methods can be applied in research and based on the research requirement the researcher must decide that (Atmowardoyo, 2018). Along with that, in this method, the data will be gathered from the sample.

Step 6: Analysis of the Data

In this step, the researchers must analyse the data based on the statistics they have selected previously and based on that statistical analysis the data result will be determined. This data result will help in accepting and rejecting the hypothesis that has been made prior. Also, the data analysis will be based on norms and standardized scores.

Conclusion

In conclusion, it can be said that this assignment helped in understanding the concept of research design and also described the types and characteristics of those research designs. The assignment also helped in portraying a hypothetical research design method for quantitative research while selecting the descriptive research design. This descriptive research design helps in analysing the research result in a more descriptive manner and also helps in detailing the series of events that happened during the research and also helps in increasing the research reliability and validity the quantitative research needs to be done through this design only.

References

Journals

Anupama, K. (2018). Hypothesis Types and Research. International Journal of Nursing Science Practice and Research, 4(2), 78-80. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Anupamak-Dayanand/publication/343444322_Hypothesis_Types_and_Research/links/5f2a87d7299bf13404a29ba4/Hypothesis-Types-and-Research.pdf

Atmowardoyo, H. (2018). Research methods in TEFL studies: Descriptive research, case study, error analysis, and R & D. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 9(1), 197-204. Retrieved from: http://academypublication.com/issues2/jltr/vol09/01/25.pdf

Cera, G., Mlouk, A., Cera, E., & Shumeli, A. (2020). The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention. A quasi-experimental research design. Journal of Competitiveness. Retrieved from: https://publikace.k.utb.cz/bitstream/handle/10563/1009656/Fulltext_1009656.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Korsnes, M., Berker, T., & Woods, R. (2018). Domestication, acceptance and zero emission ambitions: Insights from a mixed method, experimental research design in a Norwegian Living Lab. Energy Research & Social Science, 39, 226-233. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Marius-Korsnes/publication/323629397_Domestication_acceptance_and_zero_emission_ambitions_Insights_from_a_mixed_method_experimental_research_design_in_a_Norwegian_Living_Lab/links/5aa1184745851543e6398631/Domestication-acceptance-and-zero-emission-ambitions-Insights-from-a-mixed-method-experimental-research-design-in-a-Norwegian-Living-Lab.pdf

Krause, M. S. (2018). Associational versus correlational research study design and data analysis. Quality & Quantity, 52(6), 2691-2707. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-018-0687-8