CHCDIV002 Promote Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander

Introduction

CULTURE CLUSTER

Task1

Question 1

1. European settlement had several critical and pernicious impacts on the aboriginal people. As a result of these impacts, aboriginal people have faced many conflicts like deprival of lands, disclosure of new infections, and also many involvements of brutal conflicts. The impacts of the white colonists have remodeled the lives of the aboriginal people as well as the future generations permanently. Before the settlement with the European countries aboriginal and Torres Strait people used to live a very healthy and balanced life. But after settlement the native people of Australia started stuffing from many major diseases, one of those is eye infections due to a polluted lifestyle (Gould et al., 2013). Indigenous people have engaged the lands of Australia 60,000 years ago. Not only the rock, soil, or the minerals Europeans also occupied the spirituality of the aboriginal people. Because of the enormous pressure on the lands the ecosystem and the curtailment of biodiversity of soil and water system has been changed a lot (“History: Colonisation : Working with Indigenous Australians”, 2020). The culture of the aboriginal people was equally affected by the settlement. European culture was overpowered by the aboriginal lifestyle.

1. Kinship and systems codes of management to support the Aboriginal culture. Lore means the tradition and history which helps govern the characteristics of Aboriginal life and depute their culture from one generation to another. Additionally, it is important to mention that Aboriginal people live under 2 laws and regulations- the first one is British ruled legal laws which are adopted by Australians from Colonization and another one is the Traditional Law system which plays an integral role in the lives of the Aboriginal people (McNamara et al., 2014). British law was learned by the Aboriginal peoples from the ‘Dreamtime’. It refers to t5he customs and the history of the Aboriginal peoples. Traditional law is connected with Dreamtime and also guides the Aboriginal peoples about kinship and society.

Question 2

Decision making: People with a traumatic past usually experience trouble in making hard and fast decisions. Aborigines who are segregated from their families shared their stories of abuse at the hands of non-aborigines and how it has impaired their decision-making capacities.

Communicating: Traumatic experiences of the aborigines have been a result of faulty governmental policies and overall maltreatment of minorities at the hands of the people who are in the majority (“The Law and the Lore: Working with Indigenous Australians”, 2020). This has created a barrier in the lines of communication.

Understanding: The aborigines have been seen as separate from the people in their immediate surroundings and that has created a cultural barrier for them. They lack an understanding of their surroundings and the people around them, which hinders them from establishing a relationship with them.

Retaining information/traditions: Retention of information requires a significant amount of psychological functioning that may be impaired due to trauma (Brady, 2002). Many aborigines lack the understanding of a unique identity and traditions as well as have trouble absorbing information due to the same reason.

Question 3

Educators might show hesitance in including indigenous perspectives in their services due to the following reasons-

i.It might be hard to find educators who are aware of different sets of cultures. Cultural misappropriation is always a threat.

ii.Some indigenous people might be hesitant in coming forward and speaking about their culture in fear of being ostracized (“Australians Together | Intergenerational trauma”, 2020).

iii.There might be a lack of positive attitude among the students and educators alike which makes the environment tense.

Question 4

A)

1. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are considered as the first inhabitants of the nation and have significant exclusion from Australian society for many years. Traditional custodians are the descendants of these Aboriginal and Torres Strait that occupied these particular regions before European could settle in, as the First Australians and Traditional Custodians of land (Mitchell, 2019). These are people who, through membership in a descent group or clan, have responsibility for caring for a particular country. Traditional Owners are authorized to speak for the country and its heritage.

2.Indigenous sites have been researched since 1977 and these places are deemed significant and meaningful by Aboriginal Australians based on their beliefs. These sites are protected by various state- and territory-based legislation.

List of such sites within the City of Melville which is of Aboriginal cultural significance:-

1. Willagee- important creation site and red ochre were found in abundance.
2. Atwell Gallery site (Marradungup)- a meeting place and camping ground for not only the traditional custodians but also many visiting clan groups

• Jenalup (Blackwall Reach) – ties with the Dreaming Stories of all Western Australian Aboriginal Peoples and a source of freshwater (Kirmayer, Simpson & Cargo, 2003)

1. Niergarup (Point Preston)- ceremonial and campaign ground
2. Yagan Mia (Wireless Hill)-
3. Bateman (100 metres of Dean Road)- grindstone materials found which in traditional times were used for sharpening axes and spearheads

• Melville Wetlands
• Booragoon Lake- camping ground for the fishing and gathering season

1. Murdoch University Site- a burial ground
2. Piney Lakes- a sacred place for women to perform ceremonies, discuss women’s business, etc.
3. Goolugatup- a place of the children

• Dyoondalup (Burke Drive)- mined this area for quartz.
• Dyoondalup (Point Walter)
• Quaada Gabee (Bicton Foreshore)- has a no of freshwater springs

1. Moondaap (Point Dundas)

• Margamangup (Lucky Bay Foreshore)- has beautiful white sandy beaches, birds nest, dolphins.
• Kooyagoordup (Waylen Bay Foreshore)
• Doontanboro (Melville Water)
• Wagoorjup

1. Gabbi Kowangulup

• Booragoon
• Gabbiljee (Bull Creek)
• Two Caves (near Rocky Bay)- Garungup place of anger or place to be avoided

3.Cultural respect is a concept of shared respect, where Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples receive recognition, protection, and continued advancement of their inherent rights, cultures, and traditions. Cultural respect is achieved by respecting the cultural differences and ensuring a safe health system without compromising the legitimate cultural rights, practices, values, and expectations for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders by the Australian healthcare system (Hart, 2010). The goal of Cultural Respect is to uphold the rights of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to maintain, protect, and develop their culture and achieve equitable health outcomes. Learning about their culture and listening to their problem can provide a sense of respect.

4. An indigenous language is the language native to the region and not necessarily the national language. Aboriginal adults and children in Central Australia are speakers of one or more Aboriginal indigenous languages as their mother tongue. Kriol is a north Australian creole, a ‘creole’ being a language that arises among children of adults who speak different languages (Kingsley, Townsend & Henderson-Wilson, 2013). More than 250 Indigenous Australian languages including 800 dialectal varieties were spoken on the continent, among which 13 traditional Indigenous languages are still acquired by children and another 100 are spoken to various degrees by older generations, with many of these languages at risk as Elders pass away.

5.Australia’s Indigenous culture has existed for more than 50,000 years and to date, the traditional and cultural practices are carried on by local Yugembeh Traditional Custodians and other Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people as a part of their everyday life.

Ways to celebrate cultures:-

1. Intertwined: a bold and vibrant celebration of multicultural diversity through art, fashion, music, and dance by local Indigenous models and designers
2. Aboriginal contemporary dance work designed specifically for babies

• Aboriginal storytelling.

1. Incredible dance work inspired by traditional Torres Strait Islander culture as well as contemporary dance and sport.
2. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander meet – where discussion on different perspectives, history, and conversation is held.
3. Yugambeh Traditional Custodians are the core of this country – a gathering of unique retelling of histories, sharing stories, and passing down lessons and enjoying the spirit of the country are conducted (Shnukal, 2001).

• Traditional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander weavers workshops are organized- learning of incredible traditional techniques alongside locals.
• Experiencing interactive space design along with jarjums (children) at Jarjums Learning Space, Kurrawa Park is a way of celebrating aboriginal culture.

1. Incredible music production by Australian musician depicting – the story of Aboriginal man Churaki, the Gold Coast’s first surf lifesaver.
2. Date and time of discussion: September 1, 2020: 5 pm

7.B) Further research on any particular historical issues relating to the traditional custodians and the land that the service is on. This may also include regional or state issues. need to speak with your service nominated supervisor. What historical issues, about the traditional custodians and the land, does the service need to consider?

The community of Aborigines suffers from a mix of issues and extreme hardship after the colonization of Australia by European settlers, often because of the transgenerational trauma experienced- Lack of education, loss of traditional culture and homeland, medical care, unemployment, broken families, stolen generations policies, etc (Bark et al., 2015). All of these experiences greatly affected the wellbeing of Aboriginal Peoples, and still impact every individual till today.

One such incident is the – Stolen Generation refers to the forcibly removed Aboriginal children from their families and homes under official government policy from the early 1900s through to 1969.

Question 5

1. a) This island can be divided into five distinct cultural clusters, represented by a five-pointed star:-

• Northern Division (Boigu, Dauan, Saibai)
• Eastern Islands (Darnley, Murray, Stephen)
• Western Division (St. Pauls, Kubin, Badu, Mabuiag)
• Central Division (Yorke, Coconut, Warraber, Yam)
• Southern Division (TI and Inner Islands, NPA and Mainland Australia)

b)

1. Western-central Torres Strait Language, or Kalaw Lagaw Ya, is spoken on the southwestern,

1. Western, northern, and central islands.
   1. Meriam Mir is spoken on the eastern islands.
   2. Torres Strait Creole (also known as Ailan Tok or Yumplatok) is spoken by most Torres Strait

• Islanders

1. Australia’s Indigenous peoples are two distinct cultural groups made up of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and not one homogenous group. They are a diverse group of hundreds of nations (or cultural groups) and clans within those nations.

History– the first humans to migrate out of Africa across coastlines of India and Asia until reaching the shores of Australia.

First Nations Australians who come from the islands of the Torres Strait, between Cape York in Queensland and Papua New Guinea are the Torres Strait Islanders, particularly of Melanesian origin (Chamberlain et al., 2019). The Torres Strait Islander Flag features a white dharri or deri with a five-pointed star representing the different island groups and was designed in the 1990s

Aboriginals as the mainland people of Australia and were far more in number than Torres Strait Islander people. They have already inhabited Australia when Britain began colonizing the island in 1788. The Aboriginal Flag was designed in the 1970s and its colors represent different aspects of Aboriginal life.

Culture and Art– Colours and styles differ from one nation to another, as do the messages in the stories.

Queensland Aboriginal people enjoy diverse living cultures- Aboriginal people mostly paint stories- of the land formation in the mainland of Australia, kind the animals, means to navigate the land, plants of medicinal use, and their spiritual connection to that land. Utopian women illustrate a popular style of painting that depicts bush medicine leaves that have a multitude of purposes.

On the other hand, the artwork of the Torres Strait Islander is a lot more muted in color and generally represents stories about the ocean, the islands, and the sea animals.

Language

Aboriginal languages consist of around 290–363 languages belonging to an estimated 28 language families and isolates, spoken by Aboriginal Australians of mainland Australia and a few nearby islands (Shnukal, 1988). Aboriginal social groupings that have today formed into 27 language families and isolates, with over 300 dialects within the families

Whereas, Torres Strait Creole (also known as Ailan Tok or Yumplatok) is spoken by most Torres Strait Islanders and is a mixture of Standard Australian English and traditional languages. Only 1,200 people speak the native language- Kala Lagaw Ya, or Western Torres Strait mainly in central and western Torres Strait Islands of Queensland.

Task 2-Scenario 1

Question 1

1.a.

Marko and his family are from a different country and would represent a different culture. This would automatically make them feel left out. At the orientation, the following strategies can be used-

Open interaction: At the orientation, I should create an environment where a child who speaks in a foreign language would feel comfortable. I would interact with Marko and his family directly to make the atmosphere more friendly and inclusive.

Cultural integration: In a multicultural space it is important to be aware of one another’s culture. I would share something about Marko’s culture and help him in formulating complete sentences in English so that he learns the language and feels included.

1.b.

Marko’s family needs to know that they have chosen the right place for their ward. Thereby, they should be made aware of the following information-

• The service will provide special care towards the fact that every child gets proper attention, and is not ostracized.
• The language barrier will be taken care of, and each child will receive the right amount of guidance for making the learning process easier.
• Special attention will be given to avoiding any instance of cultural misappropriation.

1.c.

Marko’s family will also be informed about the community services and resources that are available in the area-

The community services will include celebrations of different festivals of the various indigenous people who reside in the locality (Hollinsworth, 2013). This will also act as a way of getting in touch with people of their community, for Marko’s family.

The services include helping residing students with necessary guidance and resources. Career guidance will also be made available.

Family support in case of any domestic mishaps will be provided. There is a very active network and assistance is easily available in case of any disruption.

1.d.

1. I can use real examples to make the information passed sound more coherent. I can help Marko’s family understand our attempt towards creating an inclusive environment by introducing them to other existing members who belong to a different community and share their experiences with this new family.
2. I can use audiovisual aid and show them a presentation that includes our work with the community and also our teaching strategies. This will help Marko’s family understand our message better as they are not very fluent in English. It would also highlight that our work addresses current issues and are relevant to the times.

1.e.

I can assist Marko’s family to get in touch with other such community services. As foreigners, they will find it hard to settle themselves down in a land where they also face significant communication issues. I would share details of the resources and the services that are already available in the adjacent area, and also share tidbits of future endeavors so that they are presented with an array of possibilities (Warburton & McLaughlin, 2007). I will also seek help from my acquaintances within the community so that Marko’s family can find people they can interact with right away.

1.f.

As Marko’s family is enrolling their ward into our service, it is of utmost importance that we gather some necessary details about the family, for our records and references. The following are the pieces of information that we would require –

1. Firstly, we would require knowing how long they are planning to stay. It is important to know about the longevity of the family’s stay in the area as that would also help us assist them in accessing the particular services that they require. It would also help us plan our teaching strategy with Marko.
2. Secondly, we would require knowing whether or not Marko’s family is already working here or they are looking for work. This is equally important for us to know so that we can provide them assistance if they require, in terms of finding suitable work, in case they do not already have a job.
3. Thirdly, we would require knowing Marko’s learning capacity and past learning experiences. It is important to know how he might respond to different aspects of our service. To do so, we would need to identify his learning patterns and also his aptitude. That would help us cater to him more functionally.

Question 2

2a.

Marko and his family have come from Greece, so there is a little language obstacle. The significance of belonging is an elementary human necessity or requirement, just as the essentiality of shelters and meals. It is very necessary to understand the wish of Marko’s parents and welcome them in every program in the kindergarten room. Secondly, the kindergarten school will always take care of their son, and the healthy, supportive atmosphere will establish a good relationship between every educator and Marko. Marko can’t speak English fluently, so it is very important to support him to understand every English word, therefore, his parents will get satisfaction to see their son. Hence, these gestures will help them to settle here.

2b.

It is very usual for a child to interact with their families effectively more than others. Therefore, Marko’s parents can tell his interests better that will help a teacher to understand his nature. So, communication with the parents is very useful to create a good relationship between a teacher and a student (Bailie & Wayte., 2006). Even parents’ participation is very important in programs with their children. Therefore, exchanging information about Marko is very beneficial to the teachers to support his interests. Communication with the parents will help the educators to help Marko to reach his success and it will help to inspire Marko to work hard.

2c.

Caring for a child claims to dedicate a significant period and good care to the routine. Teachers’ and parents’ communication is very important for a child’s success. The conferences between them will help to report the child’s progress, even they can tell their point of view about their children which will help to make sure that the care practices were meeting the family’s needs. Marko can’t speak English fluently, so it is very important to support him to understand every English word, therefore, his parents will get satisfaction to see their son.

2d.

The parent-teachers meetings are very necessary to discuss the factors of the progress of their children. Sharing the student’s performances, assessments, progress, assignments will help to understand parents how to prepare them to get success. Parents are the major factor in a child’s life. It is very urgent to listen to their queries and requests for their children. It’s an educator’s responsibility to provide suggestions for the techniques to support study at their home. Communication with parents daily will help a student to enhance his knowledge. Therefore, teachers and parent communication are very important for a child’s success.

2e.

1.Families play an important advisory role in the kindergarten room service. A child communicates with their families most, and families give them primary education. Effective contacts entangle effective learnings. Families have certain decisions and wishes for their children, so they play a great role in their life. Therefore, a parent’s wish is very urgent in a child’s life (Jones et al., 2018). Communicating with the parents, an educator can help him to enhance the factors of his interests.

2. There is a strategy to involve the parents as a consulting role in the life of their children. They help a teacher to understand their child’s needs and focus. Hence a teacher can communicate with them well and can generate interest in their works. From birth, a child learns the lessons from their parents and they trust the most, so the guardians play an effective role in a student’s life.
3. Parents play an important role as a decision-making system in the life of a child. Parenting of a child takes a huge role in the purpose of serious development. From their birth, a child relies on their family members most. So they make decisions for their prosperity. The knowledge and attitude of the parents are very necessary to build healthy communication with their parents. They lead them to enhance the primary knowledge of education. Parents help them to build the skill to grow fast.

2f.

1. Frequent Communication

It is very necessary to build a good relationship between a teacher and the parent. Therefore, daily communication with them can help to understand the parents of the deficit of their children. Their progress report is the outcome of their lessons (Jones et al., 2018). So if they are not good at that subject, the parents have to take care of their problems. Sharing the major updates of their children will help to connect with them more.

2.Kindergarten Programs or Activities

Open communication with the parents’ teacher will generate a healthy relationship. The participation of parents in the programs and activities create a good environment in the classroom. There is another way to invite the guardians to talk about their skills which will help them to make contact with the child’s classmates. The feedback of their students will help to make more concern about their children.

3. Positive and Healthy Environment

Homework policies are very important for students. Their parents can involve this in the home and they can understand the lack of knowledge of their students. Their participation will make a child grow his or her interests more. As well the enrichment actions and activities help their parents to generate a constructive and healthy relationship with their children.

2.g.

The significance of cultural awareness in the kindergarten classroom is very important in the recent world. This can include the different status of economic factors, different religion or caste factors, different genders, and also the different language background. Fostering insertion among the education of multiculturalism will help a child to grow the mental greatness, and it will boost him to thrive in a diverse world exponentially. Similarly, in the context, Marko and his family have come from Greece, and they have a different language background. Therefore, they cannot speak English fluently like others. The communication between parent-teacher will help to understand their regions and their desires for their children. Daily communication with Marko will help to build a healthy relationship between a student and a teacher.

Task 2-Scenario 2

Question 1

The steps, I would like to take are mentioned below

• If necessary, then I will try to speak slowly and gently
• All technical language I will explain
• I should try to avoid mimic and speaking of the original version of words, speech, and slang
• I will be sincere and honest in my job
• I would not assume anything
• I will try to use clear, simple, appropriate and plain language
• I should not deal with theoretical issues. I should focus on practical issues
• Need open minded thoughts
• I should not ask hypothetical questions
• One should not be so proud of his or her idea
• Rude behavior like direct eye contact should be avoided
• I should emphasize the purpose of my activity and its benefit to the community.

To ensure the promotion and protection of human rights, the aims should be the engagement of commission with the communities. The toolkit provided by the Commission staffs mentioning general guidelines about the engagement with the local people and the commission. Commission’s Reconciliation Action Plan is the activity for the development of this toolkit.

Question 2

2a.

I would like to close the gap campaign between the coalition of the commission and the NGOs, non-indigenous, and indigenous health bodies. It will help to close the life and health expectancy gap between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (Bailie & Wayte., 2006).

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples comes under the ‘soft law’. By using this law I can outline collective and individuals rights, rights for culture, language and identity, collective rights and prohibits discrimination of the early childhood service of the Indigenous people.

2b.

I would like to engage all people in the group of the community. There should be fundamental differentiation of assent of aboriginal English from standard Australian English. I should not copy the patterns of aboriginal speech. By attempting aboriginal speech patterns will help aboriginal people to more open up.

2c.

Reference List

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